The weird ways of online communication

Freedom to mess things up

More than often, young Internet users seem to think that they have found the Promised Land - no teachers, policemen or angry Grandma. One can do anything, nobody will know...? Actually, Internet can be far less anonymous than they think (finding out addresses and computers is often possible and obnoxious wrongdoers will get punished sooner or later).

Still, just like in real life, most online conflicts will start not from a deliberate attack (although this is possible) but rather gross misunderstandings (often caused by cultural differences). Therefore throughout the history of Internet, people have tried to set up some rules which help prevent such cases.

An online contact has a somewhat different profile than its real-life counterpart. A significant difference is the first impression being verbal (rather than visual) - strangers will be 'seen' through their written words. Many online channels forward the content of a message, but remove a great part of the context - situation, mimics, body language, tone of voice.

Let's have an example. The message is "You, Sir, are a total idiot!". This is transfered

1. in a half-drunk chat between two old friends sitting in a sauna - probably not taken seriously at all, almost all of the negativity will get lost.
2. between the same friends over a phone call - the context will be less and the conflict is more probable, yet the people still know each other - and they can sort it out immediately.
3. between the same friends in an instant messenger - even less context (no voice either), but still possible to react right away.
4. in an e-mail - being a discrete medium (a message can be answered with another message, a different entity), this will make the conflict much more probable.
5. in a fax bearing the official letterhead of a company - this hypothetical scenario adds negative context by suggesting the official statement (Our company has decided that you are a #¤%&%&#&).
6. in a letter signed by President, addressed to another head of state - while very unlikely, this may end up in a war.

"We wanted the best, but it came out as usual" (a Russian saying)

Let's quote a book by Kurt Vonnegut, Breakfast of Champions":

A flying saucer creature named Zog arrived on Earth to explain how wars could be prevented and how cancer could be cured. He brought the information from Margo, a planet where the natives conversed by means of farts and tap dancing.

Zog landed at night in Connecticut. He had no sooner touched down than he saw a house on fire. He rushed into the house, farting and tap dancing, warning the people about the terrible danger they were in. The head of the house brained Zog with a golf club.

This is a surprisingly exact depiction of Internet communication.

Is it different?

The answer could be: both yes and no. The essence of communication - forwarding the message as well as some extra information like emotions - is the same in both face-to-face and technologically facilitated communication. The main difference lies in secondary factors.

All communication has at n+1 sides - in addition to the people communicating, the channel itself has its influence (be it air - in the ordinary talk -, phone or TV). Internet allows using many different channels (often in parallel) - we see here things which are similar to traditional telephone (e.g. Skype), letters (e-mail), newspapers (Web) and also some original ones.

Thus, while the 'terminals' are humans, the differences are in channels. They can be

• temporal - different speeds (e.g. letter vs e-mail)
• directional - can be a) one-to-one (phone), one-to-many (mailing list), many-to-one (blog commentary) or many-to-many (chatroom), b) one- (TV) or bidirectional (phone)
• throughput - different amount of information can pass through different channels
• filtering - different channels cut off different amounts of context, e.g. video conference vs phone vs e-mail

So what to consider in online communication? Some points will follow.

For additional reading

• SHEA, Virginia. Netiquette
• SULER, John. The Psychology of Cyberspace